Nonverbal Feedback Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nonverbal Feedback - Essay Example hich individuals end up in a conflict or businesses and their representatives leave a negative image of themselves in the eyes of the customers is back of their failure to skillfully use nonverbal communication (Troester, 2007). It has become very essential for businesses and their representatives to use nonverbal communication in an effective and efficient manner while dealing with customers. It is essential for organization’s representatives to appropriately use the components of physical cues as well as physical appearance to deal with the customers otherwise they may end up losing their customer (Baack, 2012). For example, I witnessed a lady going up to a customer representative asking for a bank account opening form. The representative did not seem quite interested in opening the account of the customer because he believed that it was not a major account and quite casually directed her towards the counter where the bank account opening forms were kept. The lady sat down t rying to fill the form but could not understand the details of the form. Due to this she went to the representative and asked him to her help her. The representative responded in quite an unconcerned manner and told her to wait. The lady immediately understood that the representative was not interested and she left the bank in an angered manner. I followed her and asked her what the problem was. The lady told me that she wanted to open a new bank account and wanted to deposit a handsome amount of money but she felt that the bank was not interested. Due to this the bank lost a very major

Tesco SWOT Analysis 2015 2017

Tesco SWOT Analysis 2015 2017 Tesco plc was the UKs top retailer in 2013 (Retail Economics, 2014) and maintains a presence in 12 countries in Europe and Asia (Tesco, 2014). To sustain its position and build profitability, Tesco must assess its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT). Strengths and weaknesses focus on internal factors affecting a company; in contrast, opportunities and threats identify external issues (Collins, 2010). Thus, it is important to carry out a SWOT analysis to ascertain how the company is performing in the market (Kotler et al., 2013). Strengths Tesco is a powerful retail brand globally, in the top 100 of the worlds most valued brands, slightly below Ikea and well above eBay (Brand Finance, 2014). It is known as a company that offers value for money, convenience, a wide range of products, and locally-sensitive management (Wood and McCarthy, 2014). Worldwide, Tesco has 6,784 stores, an increase of 433 stores since 2012, despite the disposal of their US venture, Fresh Easy (Tesco, 2012, 2014). Tesco has utilised innovative business methods in its rise, including the creation of stores like Tesco Metro and Tesco Express, which are small stores in local neighbourhoods to make shopping more convenient for the customers (Schiraldi, Smith and Takahashi, 2012). Other strengths in their global operations include online shopping, joint ventures, such as in China, and local recruitment, including in senior management positions (Koen, Bertels and Elsum, 2011). Because of their size and facilities, Tesco can buy in bulk, benefiting from economies of scale (Blythman, 2012). This permits the company to lower prices to keep prices attractive and be competitive with UK retailers such as Asda or Sainsburys. Additionally, by creating loyalty packages such as the Clubcard, they retain customers, creating long-term relationships (Felgate, Fearne and Di Falco, 2011). Weaknesses Tesco has grown to be a very big company with a very wide range of products, diversified into food, books, clothing, furniture, insurance, petrol, and financial services. This model has its weaknesses. Tescos profit has been impacted by bad debt from credit cards and high levels of household insurance claims (Ruddick, 2014). Another issue is Tescos lack of experience in some markets that it intends to enter, such as its own brand smartphones and tablets (Wood and Gibbs, 2014). Finally, Tesco needs to invest a lot of cash in new web technologies and IT, as well as store refurbishment, diverting cash from price reduction strategies (Ruddick, 2014). This is likely to have an adverse effect on sales (Bunn and Ellis, 2012). Opportunities There are many opportunities for Tesco, including expansion into markets such as digital entertainment, through their 80% investment in Blinkbox (Hall, 2011). The move by Tesco to offer own-brand tablets and smartphones can intersect with this investment, particularly in foreign markets such as Malaysia, South Korea, Thailand, and China (Piercy, Cravens and Lane, 2010). Online shopping can offer greater flexibility to customers who are leading busy family lives or have mobility issues; Tesco is trying to meet the needs of the customers by expanding operations in this sector (Ma, Ding and Hong, 2010). The ongoing effects of the recession, where families and individuals may be struggling financially, or too busy working to cook (Thompson et al., 2012), can be accommodated through wider value and Tescos Finest branding. In addition, further overseas expansion could occur in markets such as Australia, where the grocery retail market faces relatively limited competition yet is fiercely price-sensitive (Clarke, 2012). Threats Tesco is confronted by many threats in the market. Their current position as number one in the UK grocery retail sector means that they are the target of consistent competition from Sainsburys, Asda, Morrisons, and, increasingly, Lidl and Aldi (Stevenson, 2014). One threat that Tesco continues to resist is the takeover of Asda by Wal-Mart. Branding of stores as Asda Wal-Mart has been increasing in the UK, demonstrating a weakening in the consumer disdain for Wal-Mart. The ninth most-valued brand in the world, Wal-Mart is Tescos largest global competitor and therefore has the necessary skills, resources, experience and funds to cause Tesco problems (Brand Finance, 2014). The effect of town planning and consumer intolerance for out-of-town stores, as well as concern for the livelihood of small shops, can also imperil Tescos expansion plans (Stevenson, 2014). Conclusion SWOT analysis allows marketers to identify risks in their environment. Once risks are evaluated, measures can adopted to mitigate against the adverse effects of market changes, or take advantage of openings (Kotler et al., 2013). Although a retailer may still face enormous challenges, such as Tesco is presently experiencing (Ruddick, 2014), developing flexibility enables companies to structure plans to optimise success, or avoid entering into projects in which failure is a significant possibility. Strengths may be tailored to opportunities in the market, so that strategies are enhanced and clear objectives set (Kotler et al., 2013).Through consistent planning and economic awareness, Tesco is well placed to secure its future, as its diversified retail strategy is likely to accommodate increasing consumer reliance on online shopping, digital products and services, discount grocery services. Bibliography Brand Finance (2014). Global 500 2014: The worlds most valuable brands. Available at: http://brandirectory.com/league_tables/table/global-500-2014 [accessed 1 September 2014]. Blythman, J. (2012). Shopped: The shocking power of British supermarkets. London: HarperCollins. Bunn, P. and Ellis, C. (2012). Examining the behaviour of individual UK consumer prices. The Economic Journal, 122(558), F35-F55. Clarke, I. (2012). Consumer satisfaction with local retail diversity in the UK: Effects of supermarket access, brand variety and social deprivation. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Economics, Monash University, Australia. Collins, R. (2010). A graphical method for exploring the business environment. Oxford University Working Paper 956. Felgate, M., Fearne, A. and Di Falco, S. (2011). Analysing the impact of supermarket promotions: A case study using Tesco Clubcard data in the UK. Kent Business School. Working Paper 234. Hall, J. (2011). Tesco to offer video-on-demand services. Daily Telegraph, 21st April 2011. Koen, P.A., Bertels, H.M. and Elsum, I.R. (2011). The three faces of business model innovation: challenges for established firms. Research-Technology Management, 54(3), 52-59. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., Harris, L.C. and Piercy, N.F. (2013). Principles of marketing (6th edn). Harlow: Pearson. Ma, Y., Ding, J. and Hong, W. (2010). Delivering customer value based on service process: The example of Tesco.com. International Business Research, 3(2), 131. Piercy, N.F., Cravens, D.W. and Lane, N. (2010). Marketing out of the recession: Recovery is coming, but things will never be the same again. The Marketing Review, 10(1), 3-23. Retail Economics (2014). Top 10 UK retailers 2013. Available at: http://www.retaileconomics.co.uk/top-10-retailers/ [accessed 1 September 2014]. Ruddick, G. (2014). Tescoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s new chief executive handed  £700m war chest. Daily Telegraph, 29th August 2014. Schiraldi, P., Smith, H. and Takahashi, Y. (2012). Estimating a dynamic game of spatial competition: The case of the UK supermarket industry. LSE Working Paper. Stevenson, T. (2014). Tesco share slide has investors catching a falling knife. Daily Telegraph, 29th August 2014. Tesco plc (2012). Preliminary results 2011/12. Cheshunt: Tesco plc. Tesco plc (2014). Annual report 2014. Cheshunt: Tesco plc. Thompson, C., Clarke, G., Clarke, M. and Stillwell, J. (2012). Modelling the future opportunities for deep discount food retailing in the UK. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 22(2), 143-170. Wood, S. and McCarthy, D. (2014). The UK food retail à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"race for spaceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and market saturation: A contemporary review. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 24(2), 121-144. Wood, Z. and Gibbs, S. (2014). Tesco to launch own brand smart phone. The Guardian, 7th May 2014. Other Essays on Tesco Other essays available on the Tesco organisations are: Tesco PESTEL Analysis Tesco Business analysis Tesco is one of the leading supermarkets Tesco Strategy analysis Tesco Changing Business Environment Tesco Fresh Veg Supply Chain Management

Switzerland Essay -- Geography Politics Swiss Essays

Switzerland Switzerland is best described by conveying an understanding of its geography, political, economic, cultural and social environments. The geography of the country has had a significant impact on its way of life. Switzerland is bordered by Germany in the north, Austria and the Principality of Liechtenstein in the east, Italy in the south and France in the west. This represents many significant European cultures converging on Switzerland – the German speaking region, the French and the Italian. Two thirds of the Swiss population lives in the Plateau, between Lake Geneva and Lake Constance, in 30 percent of the country’s surface area. There are 450 people to every 1 km2 (1,166 per square mile). This makes the country one of the most densely populated regions of Europe and a promising prospect for marketing a product. The country that we know today took its final shape only in 1848. Before that time, we cannot really speak of "Swiss history," but rather the history of its v arious parts, which only gradually came together. Political Environment Switzerland is a nation shaped by the resolve of its citizens: it is not an ethnic, linguistic or religious entity. Since 1848, it has been a federal state - one of 23 in the world and the second oldest after the United States of America. Like the U.S., Switzerland values the idea of federalism and sovereignty, which has ensured its historical survival. The main political parties in Switzerland are the Swiss People’s Party (SVP), Social-democratic Party (SP), Radical Democratic Party (FDP), Christian Democratic Party (CVP) and the Green Party. The Federal Constitution is the legal foundation of the Confederation. It contains the most important rules for the smooth functioning of the state. It guarantees the basic rights of the people and the participation of the public. It distributes the tasks between the Confederation and the cantons and defines the responsibilities of the authorities. Switzerland has a federal structure with three different political levels: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  the Federation †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  the cantons †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  the local authorities The Federation is the Swiss designation of the State (the term Confederation is also frequently used). The Federation has authority in all areas in which it is empowered by the Federal Constitution - for example, foreign and security policy, customs and monetary p... ...tzerland is positioned to expand its role in the global market and will continue to improve with the expansion of foreign investment and trade. It is a strong and stable market, for US companies, looking Central and Eastern European expansion. Works Cited Microsoft ® Encarta ® Reference Library 2003.  © 1993-2002 Microsoft Corporation. http://www.eda.admin.ch/washington_emb/e/home.html http://www.economist.com/countries/Switzerland/profile.cfm?folder=Profile-Political%20Structure http://www.admin.ch/ch/e/schweiz/political.html www.swissworld.org Switzerland, Economy - bartleby.com 2004 Focus on Switzerland – joneslanglasallehotels.com 2004 Switzerland, Economy – nationmaster.com 2004 CIA, The World Factbook, 2003 Li, Jian; What Connecticut can Learn from Switzerland’s Oscillating Economy, Fall 2003 Switzerland, Economy – encarta.msn.com 2004 Switzerland and the EU – eurolegal.org 2004 http://www.stthomas.edu/mgmtctr/Newsletter/Articles/intercultural.htm http://www.globaltmc.com/Articles%20html/temp.fugit.html http://www.geert-hofstede.com http://www.lonelyplanet.com http://www.cia.gov http://www.1uptravel.com http://religiousfreedom http://radar.ngcsu.edu

Interventions for Maternal and Child Health in Nepal Essay

Macro- and micro-nutrient malnutrition is a major public health problem and a key factor in determining morbidity and mortality. Its underlying determinants include poverty, education, sanitation, climate, food production, cultural norms, and accessibility and quality of health care. Pregnant women and young children are particularly at risk owing to the extra nutritional demands of rapid growth. Malnutrition is the direct cause of approximately 300,000 deaths per year (Muller & Krawinkel, 2005), and a contributing factor in over a third— 3.5 million—of all child deaths annually (Horton, 2008). These deaths are largely preventable. For infants, there is a â€Å"golden interval† for intervention from pregnancy to 2 years, during which improvements in nutritional status can have long-lasting benefits (Horton, 2008). Strong associations exist between maternal and child undernutrition and reduced adult economic productivity and other negative outcomes (Victoria et al., 2008). While Nepal has recently demonstrated progress toward improving general maternal and child health (MCH), there are still opportunities to further improve nutritional status of mothers and children. This paper examines and makes recommendations about interventions that have the potential to improve maternal and child nutritional status in Nepal. The interventions discussed in this paper address the underlying causes of nutrition-related maternal and child mortality and morbidity, as outlined by the UNICEF Conceptual framework for maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity (UNICEF, 2008), and are organized based on the period of intervention, including antenatal care, delivery care, and post-partum and early childhood care. Antenatal care: Within the antenatal period of development, maternal supplementation has been one of the most studied interventions. Evidence is strongest in support of maternal supplementation of multiple micronutrients, calcium, and iron-folic acid. Given the staggering rates of micronutrient deficiencies among pregnant Nepali women and the low cost of supplementation, maternal supplementation of multiple micronutrients, calcium and iron-folic acid is highly recommended. These micronutrients have a range of benefits, including reduction of maternal anemia, maternal mortality, pre-eclampsia, hypertension, puerperal infection, and low birthweight (LBW). This paper also examines the evidence around maternal smoking cessation interventions because of the extraordinary potential for impact of such programs in a population where smoking rates among women are high and knowledge about negative outcomes associated with smoking is low and because maternal smoking cessation appears to have not been a focus of government and other programs in Nepal. However, there is a lack Executive Summary i of solid evidence to suggest that a particular intervention to reduce maternal smoking could be both effective and efficient in developing countries. Delivery care: This paper also examines interventions during delivery that can have an impact on nutritional status. Traditional birth attendants (TBAs) play a crucial role in decreasing nenonatal and maternal mortality during delivery. They also dispense advice regarding antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal care, including nutrition and diet, breastfeeding, and immunizations. One important aspect of training for TBAs, as well as other health professionals, is the promotion of delayed umbilical cord clamping. Due to the high rates of anemia and iron deficiency in children, delayed cord clamping is a critical intervention because it is a cost-effective way to improve hematologic status, increase blood volume, and decrease anemia in infancy. Post-partum and early childhood care: Finally, nutritional interventions in the post-partum and early childhood period can reduce childhood morbidity and mortality and ensure that children are developing in a healthy way. This section of the paper focuses on the promotion of breastfeeding, infant and child vitamin A supplementation and growth monitoring and promotion (GMP). There exists decades of research showing that breastfeeding is a highly effective strategy to reduce all-cause mortality, diarrheal morbidity and mortality, and the risk of gastrointestinal infections and respiratory infections. There is a wealth of empirical data supporting the promotion of breastfeeding in developed and developing countries alike. Vitamin A supplementation for infants and young children has already been successful in Nepal, and it should remain a priority there. Vitamin A supplementation is associated with reductions in night-blindness, Bitot’s spots, xerophthalmia, and severe morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases, and when given before certain immunizations, it can enhance the immune response to the immunizations, making them more effective. Also, the use of GMP, measuring and charting the growth of children and using this information to counsel parents to motivate behaviors that promote growth, provides a cost-effective opportunity to identify growth issues before severe malnutrition manifests. For summary information on recommended interventions, refer to the one-page briefs after this Executive Summary. The interventions examined in this paper collectively have an enormous potential for impact in Nepal. At the same time, it is important to consider some of the challenges and feasibility concerns that these interventions may face. These may Executive Summary include: access to and utilization of antenatal care and other health services; the status of the health system infrastructure; financial resource availability, and cultural considerations. Also, while these recommended interventions can be successful in addressing the underlying causes of malnutrition-related morbidity and mortality, long-term solutions for improving maternal and child nutritional status must address the basic causes, such as political, economic and social conditions. While challenges and other considerations exist, the interventions recommended have the potential to make a real and lasting impact in Nepal by reducing the burden of nutrition-related morbidity and mortality. These interventions are cost-effective tools that should be central to any plan to create a bright and healthy future generation in Nepal.

History Gcse Vietnam Coursework Essay

Source A is by US President Johnson, speaking in April 1965, one month after the start of Operation Rolling Thunder. It is a primary source. Johnson had a difficult job; he had to live up to be popular. The former president JFK was very popular. Johnson was a new president. He launched the direct involvement; former president only sent weapons and advisers. In the source, Johnson says USA got involved in Vietnam because â€Å"we have a promise to keep†. By saying promise he is referring to the Truman Doctrine. It is the promise made by Truman president of USA after World War Two, they promised to send money, weapons and advisers to the countries outside the Iron Curtain if they are over the threat of communism. Johnson feels that he has to carry on the promise. Americans expect Johnson to help out South Vietnamese. Americans think communism is evil, and they are the defender of democracy and capitalism. They think it6 is their job to contain communism. They have showed to the world that they will stand up over communism in Korea, Cuba and Greece; it is vital that they carry on containing communism to make America appear strong. The source is said to public in America. It is useful because it is from the president himself who lead the war which makes it is primary source because it was said at the time the war was going on. In addition, it gives us the reasons that Johnson told the public. It also tells us the official reason of why America was involved in the war. Because Johnson took them to war, many public believed him. Direct involvement has just begun and the incidents at gulf of Tongking and Pleiku were the excuses for America to bomb North Vietnam. The source is less useful because he doesn’t give a specific reason on why America was involved; he does not talk about the direct involvement, he is trying to justify his reasons on bombing Vietnam. He believes it is the right thing to do; he hides his private feelings. He also says the quote from the bible to back him up. â€Å"Hitherto shalt thou come, but no further†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he says that the god will say he is doing the right thing. He is trying to make people feel it is the moral thing. He also means that he don’t want communism to be over the Iron Curtain. Because the views from the Vietnamese people are missing it make the source less useful. It is biased because we only get Johnson’s point of view. The date is significant and it is said to persuade the public and it makes the source more likely to be propaganda. Johnson is desperate to put the public on government’s side. Because if the government does not get the support from the public there will be a massive protest. The source only shows Johnson’s point of view so we don’t know if the Vietnamese wanted America there. Johnson has just started to bomb Vietnam which makes it less reliable because he is trying to put the public on government’s side. This is not uncommon because it is what the other leaders have done in the past to put the public on their side. Because it is common that makes it les reliable; the politicians can exaggerate the reasons why they have gone to the war. Propaganda has been used in World War 2 and more recently in Iraq and Afghanistan and the public have to be cautious when listening to propaganda speeches. The media is trying to make the public believe that communism is bad. The source on its own is not very useful. Perhaps if it was cross-examined with other sources we will be able to understand more about the reasons of why America got involved in the Vietnam War. Source B is a private conversation said by us President Johnson in May 1964. The source tells us that Johnson’s fear of communism â€Å"of course if you start running from the communists they may chase you into your own kitchen† which is similar to source A in the fact that he talks about communism spreading to the West and America. He also tells us that he has a fear of losing power which he doesn’t mention in source A because it is a public conversation. He says that the politicians and advisers are giving him pressure to start the war which means that JFK was doing is not working anymore. The source was spoken in May 1964 but then the Operation Rolling Thunder hadn’t started. The USA was only helping the Vietnamese indirectly. The date is significant because it shows that he had thought about bombing Vietnam, it wasn’t a decision which was taken straightaway. He says that he is not confident that they will win the war â€Å"I don’t think it is worth fighting for. And I don’t think we can get out† which contradict with what he has said in source A. Source B is useful because it displays his true thoughts and feelings about going to war in Vietnam. Because the decisions to go into war are done by Johnson it makes the source more reliable. However, because the source only tells us one point of view as to why they are involved in Vietnam War; it limits its reliability and it’s not helpful if you’re looking for why they are involved in Vietnam. The source is privately said which makes it more reliable because it’s trustworthy and because there is more chance of it being the truth. It is more useful because it shows what he really think about Vietnam â€Å"we acre a hell of a lot less† it again contradicts with source A where he said we should act up on Vietnam; this makes source A less useful. But on the other hand source B is less reliable because we don’t know who he had this private conversation with. I think source B on its own is not very useful because he doesn’t say many reasons of why they got involved in Vietnam. But it is useful in way that it contradicts with source A and helps us think more about if source A is reliable. Source C is by Professor Noam Chomsky, he was an American critic of the war; which means that he is not going to be positive about what the government is doing. He is less reliable because we don’t know his background. He ahs got his own agenda; possibly he can be Anti-American. Because he is a professor, people are more likely to believe what he says because he is knowledgeable. However, it doesn’t mean what he says must be true. The source is less useful because we don’t know where he got the information from, to make it more useful we need to know the derivation of his information. The professor emphasises the fact that the government didn’t go to the war to help the South Vietnamese â€Å"its our ‘official’ truth now† he is saying that this is what the public was told by the government, it was what everyone believed at that time. â€Å"It’s just not true† in these lines what the professor actually means is that President Johnson is a liar. â€Å"The US did not want an independent South Vietnam that was no longer dominated by America† in these lines the professor is telling us that USA got involved in Vietnam because they did not want to lose the control over Vietnam and they wanted took powerful to the Soviets during the Cold War. The source tells us that the US got involved in Vietnam for trade and money because if the South Vietnamese turn communist they won’t trade with America, which means that they will have less economy. â€Å"It could not allow South Vietnam out of its orbit† in these lines what he is saying is that America want to show the world its strength and it wants to keep control over Vietnam. It is about America being selfish and its greedy motives. This supports what Johnson said in source B, he only says he cares about Vietnam in source A. The source is said to public because he is being interviewed, the source is not very reliable because it only shows his point of view. The professor wants the public to know the truth or what he thinks is the truth. There is less chance that the media has changed the source. The source is useful because it shows us a different viewpoint about America’s involvement in Vietnam War. The fact that the professor has said it in public shows that he is trying to achieve publicity for himself by exaggerating the reasons. The source is useful because it displays that not everybody agreed to the war and some people criticised their own government. It is also good because it shows a different opinion on Vietnam War; something we haven’t considered before. The source was spoken in October 1982 after the war has finished in the 1970’s. Chomsky is criticising the government because they have lost the war, there is more chance of public believing Chomsky than government and they will think that the government has made a mistake. It is less reliable because it is a secondary source and he doesn’t know what the real reasons were, he wasn’t there at the time nor he wasn’t part of the government. In my opinion, source C on its own is not very useful because ewe only get one person’s viewpoint. But if it was interrogated with other sources it can be more reliable. In conclusion, I think from all these sources I have studied source B is more useful because it shows us what president Johnson felt at that time of war and he was the one who sent out soldiers to Vietnam. But in source A he could be lying to the public to justify his reasons because he can’t say he sent troops down to Vietnam for his selfish motives. I haven’t chosen source C because I think that he is trying to gain popularity by criticising the government and that is his job.

Free Essays on The Bubonic Plague

The Bubonic Plague swept across Europe in 1348 killing millions. We now know that the disease spread by infected fleas that carried the bodies of bacteria. During the middle ages, people weren’t as educated as we are now and they blamed the plague on God, and used the Jewish as a scapegoat. This revealed much about their beliefs and knowledge. People were highly influenced by God and the Church. In Document 1, Giovanni Bocaccio says, â€Å"It started in the east either through the influence of the stars or because God’s just anger†¦Ã¢â‚¬  People weren’t aware that bacteria caused these plagues. They believed that God was punishing them. Then in Document 4, Lisabetti Contenni says that when she fed her infected husband a piece of bread touched by the body of St. Domenica, all signs of the plague disappeared. This proved how they believed that everything was caused by a higher power. They believed that God had the power to cure and kill. They believed God controlled everything that happened. They never questioned anything. People were devoted to God, and church was an enormous part of the lives of medieval people. In Document 2, Erasmus of Rotterdam says, â€Å" The plague and sickness is due to the filth in the streets†¦Ã¢â‚¬  These people weren’t advanced in medicine. They weren’t aware of the real reasons of sickness. Then in Document 5 a French doctor, H. de Rochas explained that the â€Å"poison† of the plague was taken out using toads, whose venom should draw out the disease. This also showed us that their forms of medicine weren’t very effective. The people had been using methods of healing that weren’t radical. These people’s beliefs about the plague, that it was caused by some higher power, and they’re medical beliefs portray them as a poorly advanced, religious society. If they thought so many people were wiped out because of God, they were very religious. The church controlled just about every a... Free Essays on The Bubonic Plague Free Essays on The Bubonic Plague The Bubonic Plague swept across Europe in 1348 killing millions. We now know that the disease spread by infected fleas that carried the bodies of bacteria. During the middle ages, people weren’t as educated as we are now and they blamed the plague on God, and used the Jewish as a scapegoat. This revealed much about their beliefs and knowledge. People were highly influenced by God and the Church. In Document 1, Giovanni Bocaccio says, â€Å"It started in the east either through the influence of the stars or because God’s just anger†¦Ã¢â‚¬  People weren’t aware that bacteria caused these plagues. They believed that God was punishing them. Then in Document 4, Lisabetti Contenni says that when she fed her infected husband a piece of bread touched by the body of St. Domenica, all signs of the plague disappeared. This proved how they believed that everything was caused by a higher power. They believed that God had the power to cure and kill. They believed God controlled everything that happened. They never questioned anything. People were devoted to God, and church was an enormous part of the lives of medieval people. In Document 2, Erasmus of Rotterdam says, â€Å" The plague and sickness is due to the filth in the streets†¦Ã¢â‚¬  These people weren’t advanced in medicine. They weren’t aware of the real reasons of sickness. Then in Document 5 a French doctor, H. de Rochas explained that the â€Å"poison† of the plague was taken out using toads, whose venom should draw out the disease. This also showed us that their forms of medicine weren’t very effective. The people had been using methods of healing that weren’t radical. These people’s beliefs about the plague, that it was caused by some higher power, and they’re medical beliefs portray them as a poorly advanced, religious society. If they thought so many people were wiped out because of God, they were very religious. The church controlled just about every a...

Tommy Douglas, the Canadian Father of Medicare

Tommy Douglas, the Canadian 'Father of Medicare' A small man with a huge personality, Tommy Douglas was gregarious, witty, feisty and kind. The leader of the first socialist government in North America, Douglas brought massive change to the province of Saskatchewan and led the way for many social reforms in the rest of Canada. Douglas is considered the Canadian father of Medicare. In 1947 Douglas introduced universal hospitalization in Saskatchewan and in 1959 announced a Medicare plan for Saskatchewan. Heres more about Douglas career as a Canadian politician. Premier of Saskatchewan 1944 to 1961 Leader of the Federal New Democratic Party 1961 to 1971 Career Highlights of Tommy Douglas Douglas introduced universal hospitalization in Saskatchewan in 1949 and a Medicare plan for Saskatchewan in 1959. While the premiere of Saskatchewan, Douglas and his government created many state-owned enterprises, called Crown Corporations, including the establishment of provincial air and bus lines, SaskPower and SaskTel. He and the Saskatchewan CCF oversaw industrial development that reduced the provinces dependence on agriculture, and they also introduced the first public automobile insurance in Canada. Birth Douglas was born Oct. 20, 1904, in Falkirk, Scotland. The family emigrated to Winnipeg, Manitoba in 1910. They returned to Glasgow during World War I but came back to settle in Winnipeg in 1919. Death Douglas died of cancer Feb. 24, 1986, in Ottawa, Ontario. Education Douglas earned his bachelors degree in 1930 from Brandon College in Manitoba. He then earned his masters degree in sociology in 1933 from McMaster University in Ontario. Professional Background Douglas began his career as Baptist minister. He moved to Weyburn, Saskatchewan after ordination in 1930. During the Great Depression, he joined the Co-Operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), and in 1935, he was elected to the House of Commons. Political Affiliation He was a member of the CCF from 1935 to 1961. He became the leader of Saskatchewan CCF in 1942. The CCF was dissolved in 1961 and was succeeded by the New Democratic Party (NDP). Douglas was a member of the NDP from 1961 to 1979. Political Career of Tommy Douglas Douglas first moved into active politics with the Independent Labour Party and became President of the Weyburn Independent Labour Party in 1932. He ran for the first time in the 1934 Saskatchewan general election as a Farmer-Labour candidate but was defeated. Douglas was first elected to the House of Commons when he ran in the riding of Weyburn for the CCF in the federal general election of 1935. While he was a federal member of parliament, Douglas was elected president of the Saskatchewan provincial CCF in 1940 and then elected leader of the provincial CCF in 1942. Douglas resigned his federal seat to run in the Saskatchewan general election of 1944. He led the Saskatchewan CCF to a massive victory, winning 47 of 53 seats. It was the first democratic socialist government elected in North America. Douglas was sworn in as Premier of Saskatchewan in 1944. He held the office for 17 years, during which he pioneered major social and economic reforms. In 1961, Douglas resigned as Premier of Saskatchewan to lead the federal New Democratic Party, formed as an alliance between the CCF and the Canadian Labour Congress. Douglas was defeated in the federal election of 1962 when he ran in the riding of Regina City mainly because of a backlash towards the Saskatchewan governments introduction of Medicare. Later in 1962, Tommy Douglas won a seat in the British Columbia riding of Burnaby-Coquitlam in a by-election. Defeated in 1968, Douglas won the riding of Nanaimo-Cowichan-The Islands in 1969 and held it until his retirement. In 1970, he took a stand against the adoption of the War Measures Act during the October Crisis. It seriously affected his popularity. Douglas stepped down as leader of the New Democratic Party in 1971. He was followed by David Lewis as NDP leader. Douglas took on the role of NDP energy critic until he retired from politics in 1979.

Health Effects of PBDE Absorption

Health Effects of PBDE Absorption Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) is a common flame retardant used to reduce the risk of fire in a wide variety of products, such as childrens pajamas and your computer. PBDEs are excellent flame retardants, but the chemicals have been accumulating in the environment and in human bodies. Relatively recent reports have indicated that exposure to low concentrations of these chemicals may result in irreparable damage to the nervous and reproductive systems. The European Union will ban two of the three most common PBDE formulations starting in 2004. California is the only U.S. state to take action, passing a law to ban certain PBDEs, but not until 2008. Several Japanese electronics companies will be phasing PBDEs from their products. Other countries and individual manufacturers are taking steps to eliminate their use of PBDEs. PBDE concentrations are 10-20 times higher in North Americans than in Europeans. European concentrations are about twice those of Japanese levels. Calculations performed by Ronald Hites of Indiana University show that body concentrations have been exponentially increasing, with a doubling time of 4 to 5 years. PBDE-containing products are being phased out, but the chemicals remain a health concern because they are so persistent in the body and in the environment.

Multivariate and Methodology Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Multivariate and Methodology Critique - Essay Example The research process involved the use of a questionnaire and the survey items were measured on a Likert scale that ranged from 1 to 5. 1 meant that the person strongly disagreed whereas 5 meant that one strongly agreed. The unit of analysis was, therefore, statistical numbers derived from the questionnaire. There was the use of a questionnaire in this study, the questionnaire had in it the five point Likert scales that ranged from 1 to 5, it also used the scale developed by Maignan and Ferrell (2000). The scale used four dimensions of CSR which include legal, economic, ethical and discretionary responsibilities. However, all of the scales were eventually measured on the five point Likert scale. Data was collected from 172 participants who were top level managers. There was the use of probability in the study as it was used to pick the 172 partipants from eight hundred randomly selected service as well as manufacturing organizations that existed in Pakistan at the time. Simple random sampling was used in picking the eight hundred organizations. The probability using random sampling ensured that the whole population was covered and that there were no uncovered loopholes in the population. Complete the table rows for the omnibus multivariate hypotheses. Insert cursor in first cell, type #, then simply press the Tab key to move from cell to cell. If more rows are needed, use the Enter key to add rows after the last row. Add a note if any variables were originally ordinal but assumed to be scale. The study is reliable as it administered its questionnaire amongst a diverse population. The diverse population was gotten from simple random sampling. The statistical methods used to show relationships were also on point as they were correctly done and suitable for this type of study. The study was ethical as the participants were informed about the mission and objectives of the

Trends and Tactics used for Mobile Marketing Essay

Trends and Tactics used for Mobile Marketing - Essay Example Consequently, the customers are able to search for the product based on the simple captivating message given and eventually purchase the product (DeMers, 2014).Starbucks is another company that managed to effectively tap into the benefits of mobile marketing, through using the reward strategy; a reward system as the major strategy for attracting and retaining the attention of the customers (Vong, 2012). Starbucks has established a reward system program that rewards its repeat customers and then is divulging this advertisement through the mobile marketing platform. Consequently, the strategy makes it easier for the target customers to be reached personally, considering the fact that most of the consumers who own a mobile phone normally have the phone with them practically all the time (Richardson, 2010). This makes it possible for the attractive reward program by Starbucks to gain more attention both through mobile accessibility and the consequent word of mouth. The Starbucks strategy is becoming very effective because; when a reward system is communicated to a target consumer through their phone, it becomes more personalized and owned by the consumer as opposed to an advertisement that could be made through TV or print media.Thus, both Starbucks and Apple Inc. have been able to tap into the mobile marketing platform effectively through applying the simplicity and the reward system strategies respectively; and thus are consequently reaping the benefit of their unique mobile marketing strategies.

Journal opinion article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Journal opinion article - Essay Example This is used to measure the firms’ price changes which they receive by offering their goods and services. However, the declining energy prices along with controlled inflation were mutually agreed upon by 0.1%. There are few economists who rather than accepting that they couldn’t forecast well, put the blame on Labor Department. However, in order to foresee the price pressure expected to build on the economy, PPI is used which shows the sign of inflation. Traditionally it is not monitored so closely as compare to personal consumption and consumer price. Since January, The Labor Department has started including prices for their services along with the goods prices so that they can be able to keep a track of economic activity. As per their one of the economists, this revamped measure increased the PPI coverage but now they feel that their efforts of keeping everything transparent with respect to economy are something they are achieving at the fullest. This also shows that they need to adopt some volatile actions particularly for trade services. There were some changes experienced in sub-index profit margins at retailers as well as whole sellers. On the other hand one of the biggest jumps of 1.5% on record was observed in October. The economist somehow also missed seasonal adjustments, which are a statistical technique used to eradicate the weather impact, holidays etc. All distortions will be removed by the passage of a complete calendar year pertaining to poor seasonal adjustment, and on a monthly basis the seasonal adjustment process over or make the corrections in the raw price changes will result strangely. The Chief Economist quoted that this jump reflects technically and does not indicate and twist in the trend. He also said that he believes that due to statistical quirk they are experiencing increase in trade services. One of the factors causing this scenario might be slim profit margins, due to which minimal boost in profits

North Korea Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

North Korea - Research Paper Example According to Armstrong (2011), North Korea is currently experiencing a range of issues but the most prevalent include the poor state of the economy, which Armstrong (2011) attributes to its authoritarian leadership style that still has not implemented market reforms to improve the country’s ailing economy. Secondly, Armstrong (2011) states that the country has focused so much on funding its military operations that comprise of more than 9 million military personnel of which approximately a million are active army personnel, a fact that makes it the 4th country in the World with largest military defence force. The country’s budgetary allocation to the defense department is extremely high leaving little resource for economic development. Armstrong (2011) stated that North Koreans are grappling with harsh economy, coupled with high food prices, periodical shortage of electricity, fuel, and raw materials that cause manufacturing factories to remain inactive thus, leading to increase in number of the unemployed population. However, on the positive side Armstrong (2011) notes that the new North Korean leader has given women the freedom to wear western brands, which were restricted in the past due to their western affiliation. Secondly, the new North Korean leader has shown a new leadership style by taking the responsibility of the failed rocket launch. Such an admission was not to the norm with the North Korean leadership. The other notable current issue in North Korea is its poor relations with its’ close neighbor, South Korea of whom they are still technically at war with after failing to sign a peace treaty ever since the Korean war. The North and South currently have murky relationship because of periodical wrangles that increases the tension between the two countries. Armstrong (2011) further notes that the new leader of North Korea strained the country relationship with China after recently carrying out a

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Alternative Dispute Essay

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Alternative Dispute Resolution - Essay Example The same is known as alternative dispute resolution1. According to the available literature on alterative dispute resolution, there are four categories of ADR, which include arbitration, negotiation, mediation and collaborative law. There are experts who tend to cite conciliation as the fifth category. Other than negotiation, all other ADR categories include the person of a outside, unbiased and external person, which acts as the third party to facilitate the process and ensure that the parties reach a settlement. There are thousands of cases of divorces, commercial disputes, family disputes, professional liability cases, insurance issues, personal injury situations and others, where ADR has proven to be more effective than the traditional court processes and the first choice of parties to resolve their disputes2. Nevertheless, there are some pros and cons of ADR. This paper, therefore, is an attempt to explore the various advantages and disadvantages associated with alternative disp ute resolution. Discussion Advantages of ADR First, ADR offers the advantage of being cheap and quick. On the other hand, formal court processes may take years and cost people a fortune. In fact, in many developing countries with huge populations such as India, Pakistan and others, it takes more than 20-30 years for a person to get a date for his or her case hearing. During the 1990s, a woman who was raped filled a petition in the court for justice. However, when her date for hearing arrived, it has been more than 5 years since her death3. Furthermore, many poor and lower class people forget about their issues and claims in various countries considering the legal fees, bribes and other money which they would have to pay for getting justice. ADR, on the other hand, allows people to get quick and inexpensive justice. Many arbitration boards would take less than a few weeks before they could finalize their decisions45. Second, people prefer to keep their internal matters public; howeve r, when they refer to courts for justice, everything becomes public. The bigger the case, the information about both the parties would leak into the public. However, in case of ADR, the same does not happen. Both parties cannot only ensure confidentiality during the investigations and hearings but if they want then the decision and results may also be kept only to people inside the rooms6. Third, despite the fact that the judges and jury have great deal of knowledge about the happenings in the society, nevertheless, they are not the experts of certain fields. Therefore, whenever technical matters are brought up in front of the jury, huge investments in terms of time and money have to be done in order to educate the jury and even then, there is lesser chance that the jury would give a verdict after fully understanding the technical matters7. Fourth, courts have a limited number of options. They are books of law, processes, specific rules and outcomes, which one can predict. In short, there are certain paths and processes, which the jury cannot avoid while making a decision. However, in ADR, the jury has the power to be more creative and give decisions in light of domestic laws, international laws, foreign laws or even religious laws8. Fifth,

Race relations in the United States explained Anthropologically Research Paper

Race relations in the United States explained Anthropologically - Research Paper Example for explorative studies and in the modern times the studies are continually expanded to decipher the complexity of understanding how and why each race came to exist. When it comes to the American anthropology, the studies conducted towards race have existed for many centuries. This is mainly because; the American society not only has a long history when it comes to the resistance and acceptance of different racial societies, but also because the native American people did present a new race for the new inhabitants in America. The European and Englishmen could classify themselves as white people whereas; Native Americans are red skinned, Asians are yellow skinned, Latinas are brown skinned and Africans are dark skinned. All this clear insight differentiation of skin colors did merge a greater need to further understand how each group of racial populations did come into existence and how their skin color have always been inherited from one generation to another. With the white skinned population having taken the lead in declaring their superiority among the other races, it was inevitable that racial conflicts would not only merge, but also persistently exist for many decades. Historically, the acceptance of different racial individuals was never conducted with open arms. If anything racial discrimination was the norm of the society and this has greatly impacted our modern society. Several populations in the United States live among their own races, for example, there are some neighborhoods where you will only find African American plebeians in the states, the same goes for Asian and Latina populations in the US. They all believe in keeping up with each of their cultures and in preserving them well enough to not have their identity robbed by the western ways of living. On the other hand, conflict has emerged for several decades when two individual from two different racial backgrounds are getting married. None of their neighbors or friends approves of this act and

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Alternative Dispute Essay

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Alternative Dispute Resolution - Essay Example The same is known as alternative dispute resolution1. According to the available literature on alterative dispute resolution, there are four categories of ADR, which include arbitration, negotiation, mediation and collaborative law. There are experts who tend to cite conciliation as the fifth category. Other than negotiation, all other ADR categories include the person of a outside, unbiased and external person, which acts as the third party to facilitate the process and ensure that the parties reach a settlement. There are thousands of cases of divorces, commercial disputes, family disputes, professional liability cases, insurance issues, personal injury situations and others, where ADR has proven to be more effective than the traditional court processes and the first choice of parties to resolve their disputes2. Nevertheless, there are some pros and cons of ADR. This paper, therefore, is an attempt to explore the various advantages and disadvantages associated with alternative disp ute resolution. Discussion Advantages of ADR First, ADR offers the advantage of being cheap and quick. On the other hand, formal court processes may take years and cost people a fortune. In fact, in many developing countries with huge populations such as India, Pakistan and others, it takes more than 20-30 years for a person to get a date for his or her case hearing. During the 1990s, a woman who was raped filled a petition in the court for justice. However, when her date for hearing arrived, it has been more than 5 years since her death3. Furthermore, many poor and lower class people forget about their issues and claims in various countries considering the legal fees, bribes and other money which they would have to pay for getting justice. ADR, on the other hand, allows people to get quick and inexpensive justice. Many arbitration boards would take less than a few weeks before they could finalize their decisions45. Second, people prefer to keep their internal matters public; howeve r, when they refer to courts for justice, everything becomes public. The bigger the case, the information about both the parties would leak into the public. However, in case of ADR, the same does not happen. Both parties cannot only ensure confidentiality during the investigations and hearings but if they want then the decision and results may also be kept only to people inside the rooms6. Third, despite the fact that the judges and jury have great deal of knowledge about the happenings in the society, nevertheless, they are not the experts of certain fields. Therefore, whenever technical matters are brought up in front of the jury, huge investments in terms of time and money have to be done in order to educate the jury and even then, there is lesser chance that the jury would give a verdict after fully understanding the technical matters7. Fourth, courts have a limited number of options. They are books of law, processes, specific rules and outcomes, which one can predict. In short, there are certain paths and processes, which the jury cannot avoid while making a decision. However, in ADR, the jury has the power to be more creative and give decisions in light of domestic laws, international laws, foreign laws or even religious laws8. Fifth,

Dumping of Unsafe Products Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 30

Dumping of Unsafe Products - Case Study Example After the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the painkiller dipyrone because it can cause a fatal blood disorder, Winthrop Products continued to sell dipyrone in Mexico City (Shaw et al., 2009, p.34). ‘Made in the USA: Dumped in Brazil, Africa, Ira’ seems to be the business philosophy followed by many of the American product manufacturers. In other words, Americans believe that they have the right to enjoy the benefits of the products they discovered or invented. At the same time, they believe that the harmful effects of these products should be suffered by the rest of the world rather than the Americans. The Holy Bible says that those who take the sword will be killed by the sword. However, Americans have changed this proverb as it is the duty of other innocent people to accept death even though the Americans have done the mistakes. It is ethically wrong to dump potentially hazardous products in third world countries. The producers of the hazardous products sh ould take the responsibility of dumping such products properly in their own country instead of cheating the innocent people in other countries. This paper briefly discusses the ethics or morality of dumping unsafe products in overseas countries by America. One of the reasons cited by Americans to justify the activity of dumping unsafe products in overseas countries is related to humanitarian considerations. â€Å"They say their motives are humanitarian. Because the rate of dying in childbirth is high in Third World countries, almost any birth control device is preferable to none† (Shaw et al., 2009, p.34). The above argument is totally unacceptable. The logic of providing dangerous items for saving the life of some people is indigestible, at least for non-Americans.

Cultural Tourism in Egypt: An analysis

Cultural Tourism in Egypt: An analysis Introduction Cultural tourism can be considered the most fascinating type of sightseeing as it is the witnessing of the real elements which have contributed in making a country the way it is in the present day. It gives the newcomers to a country an opportunity to have a profound insight of the true nexus of the nation which consists of its heritage, traditions, history and the relics and buildings which are the living reminders of that country’s forefathers and their deeds. Experiencing a country’s heritage is a unique experience in itself and a tourist is bound to get a completely new and interesting perspective if their tour is planned in a way which includes the visiting of attractions and places which reflect culture and values of the inhabitants rather than the usual trips to the best shopping malls. Apart from the entertainment factor, cultural tourism can serve as an extremely informative eye opener for a tourist as they encounter indigenous people with customs and lifestyles that were beyond their imagination before and come across strange and amazing architecture which seems impossible to be formed out of human hands. Cultural tourism makes one realize the grandeur and diversity of the world and develops a stronger appreciation of their own traditions and ethnicity and the fact that how important they are in order to define one’s true roots. Moving on from the individual development factor of cultural tourism it is also very beneficial for the development of a country’s economy too. In the recent years it has become an increasingly popular sector in tourism industry throughout the world and countries are financially strengthened by it. It helps create more employment opportunities, promotion and advancement of the local industries, an increase in the overall income of the country and provides the resources to maintain and protect the traditional and historical treasures of the country (Ibrahim, 2011). Cultural Tourism in Egypt Egyptians are a very ancient and culturally rich civilization and demonstrates it proudly through the astounding architecture, relics and artifacts that are dotted all over the country. The country has gone through various eras of cultural evolution as it passed from one set of administrators to another starting from the rule of Pharaohs to Greco-Roman period in 332 B.C to the byzantine period and ultimately the Islamic conquest of Egypt in A.D 624. This makes Egypt an ideal place for cultural tourism as it has no end of attractions and history for the tourists to enjoy and the traditions of its people are still a living breathing reality which is waiting to be unearthed and experienced. To classify the expansive amount of tourist attractions in Egypt it would be appropriate to narrow them down to two categories: tangible assets and intangible assets. Classification of the Tourist Assets Tangible Assets Tangible assets are, as apparent from the term tangible, those assets which one can be â€Å"touched† or to put it more appropriately, physically exist. When speaking of the physical assets of Egypt’s tourist attractions that would include the historical buildings, ruins, museums, religious structures, ancient cities, opera houses and the typical traditional markets or bazaars that are still held in the exact same way that they have been since thousands of years in the past. The mighty pyramids of Giza, Valley of the Kings, temples and mosques, the Sphinx and Abu Simbel are renowned symbols of Egypt’s history. The ancient cities including Alexandria and Thebes are bursting with sites like the underground library of Alexandria, temple of the sun god Amun Ra, sanctuaries of Karnak, Museum of Egyptian antiquities and much more. Millions of tourists are frequent visitors to these sites each year for both entertainment and academic purposes and this makes these ancient relics the most valuable asset of the tourism industry of the country. Intangible Assets These are the exact opposite of tangible assets. Though these assets do not have a physical form they still play an important role in influencing the cultural promotion of the country. The intangible assets of Egypt are its traditions, rituals, centuries old religious beliefs and the knowledge and skills of its people. Egyptian traditions are a mixture of Arabian, Turkish and European countries as the forefathers of the civilization belonged or had travelled to different places around the world and brought back several beliefs and practices with them. But mainly the country is embedded in the rich and colorful culture of Middle East due to its geographical location (Jansen-Verbeke et al, 2010). The native tongue is Arabic and only six percent of the population are followers of Christianity while the majority is of Muslims. It is interesting for tourists to explore the festivities and ceremonies, taste the traditional foods, admire the vibrant patterns that are common in clothing in the Arabic world and purchase the extremely beautiful and intricately designed handicrafts which are available in the local bazaars. These are all the intangible assets of Egypt’s tourism industry because the visitors are attracted by them and eager to observe and personally experience these activities or to buy these artifacts, which is profitable to the native public and on a larger scale is financially advantageous for the country. Attractions There is an abundance of historical places and culturally relevant places in Egypt and it is extremely difficult to just select a few for description here as each attraction has a more fascinating background than the last. However as it is necessary to limit the number of attractions that need to be mentioned, the chosen few which are being presented will be the most popular and worth experiencing and seeing when touring the country. The pyramids of Giza: The awe inspiring conical resting places of the ancient kings are something which is inseparable from the concept of Egypt. It used to be one of the Seven Wonders of the World and was finished building around 2560 BC by the Pharaoh Khufu. Situated outside Cairo the three largest pyramids belong to the Pharaohs Menkaure, Khafu and Khafre the father, son and grandson. These are surrounded by smaller tombs of their female family members and the mastabas or trapezoid shaped tombs of other relatives. The impressive and terrifying figure of the Sphinx is also a part of this collection which poses as guard to the entrance of the pyramid of Khafre. Temple of Luxor: The beautiful temple is erected close to the banks of the mighty River Nile and stands in the midst of modern architecture of the city of Luxor. The temple of Luxor was built in about 1400 BC when Rameses II and Amenhotep III ruled and was in dedication to the gods Khonsu and Amun Ra and the godess Mut. During the period of its prime the temple was the location where the Opet or late summer festival was celebrated. An annual banquet was held in which there was a large procession of religious priests who brought in the ceremonial representation of the God Amun Ra on a boat across the Nile and the god was then supposed to be reunited each year with the goddess Mut.The temple is excessively enormous in size and has several huge monumental entrance ways that are approximately seventy yards long and are flanked by obelisks and humongous statues. The mosque of Ahmed Ibn Tulun The Ibn Tulun is an expansive and beautiful structure. The mosque was built in 879 AD by Ahmed Ibn Tulun the founder of the Tulunid Empire of Egypt. The mosque was created out of mud bricks and occupies about 304,812 square feet of land. It comes third on this list of world’s largest mosques. It is also one of the most ancient mosques in Egypt which is still in its original shape after all the years. An enclosure surrounds the mosque from three sides and there are also little courtyards that are called ziyadas which were created for the purpose of providing privacy and to separate the sacred worshipping space from the world outside. These are bordered by tall archways and broad pillars that are decorated by elaborately carved motifs. The mosque’s minaret is a thing of beauty itself and features a spiral staircase and has three floors each of which are of different shapes. The library of Alexandria: The building of the library is itself not a marvel built by ancient Egypt architects as it is structure that was erected in modern times but that does not lower its importance as a historical tourist spot as it houses the most classical antique volumes which range back to the third century and were originally maintained and managed by the Ptolemy family. It is considered the most expansive and complete library of its era and the collections consist of more than seventy thousand scrolls. The library has performed the role of being the sourceof information for the great philosophical thinkers and literary individuals who have helped shaping the whole world. The library of Alexandria is the precise spot where the circumference of planet earth was measured by Eratosthenes, the Julian Calendar was designed by the help of Julias Caesar and the theories of geometry were established by Euclid. The original building of the library was destroyed during the Civil War that happened in the third century. The government had a new structure built in 2002 close to the site which was occupied by the old library building. The present day Bibliotheca Alexandria has eleven cascading floors and an Egyptian antiques museum is situated in its basement. Evaluation of the Attractions The pyramids of Giza are a legendary landmark of Egypt and emanate the true culture of the country and how it survived the tyrannical reign of the pharaohs who although were promoters of great architecture and aesthetic values but all at the expense of their subjects and the poverty stricken slave society. The pyramids are the one of the major tourist attractions of Egypt and draw millions of tourists each year. They are usually included in the main sightseeing points that are sure to be visited by tourists when travelling through Egypt (Ibrahim, 2011) . Revenue gained from tourism (De Lapp, 2011) However the thing that is disappointing to most tourists is that there are certain very strict rules upon visiting the pyramids. The large pyramids are completely closed for tours commonly and at times when they are open the visitor count is limited to only 150. The best way to buy a ticket without any hassle is to get it during early morning. Also the pyramids can prove very difficult to climb once the visitors are inside. These problems need to be maintained and efficiently managed in order to raise even higher the amount of tourists that come to see the site. Luxor as a city which has both modern and historical architectures is also magnet for both kinds of tourists, the ones who are more interested in visiting the present day malls and entertainment centers and the ones who are most interested in viewing the ancient side of the city and relishing in the glory of its past (De Lapp, 2011). The mosque is also among the favorite of tourists who want to be culturally informed as it reflects the ancient history of the Islamic empire and the artistic minds of the ancient architects which built the mosque so innovatively and according to an organized and well managed plan. The Library of Alexandria does not lose its charm either even if it is a relatively new building because underneath its roof is the hub of all the culture, belief and evolution of the Egyptian civilization in the form of its millions of dusty volumes and scrolls (De Lapp, 2011). All these attractions and more are what make up the cultural tourism industry of Egypt. Currently cultural tourism represents almost 30 percent of the Egyptian GDP and nineteen percent of Egypt’s total revenue gained from foreign currency. (De Lapp, 2011) Conclusion Cultural tourism is an important sector relating to the economical growth of Egypt and has an influential role in the increase of employment, heritage preservation and strengthening the financial background of the country. Due to these factors the ministry of tourism has formed a plan to broaden the capacity of the local tourism industry and to become competitive on a global level in order to increase its shares in the global market and to attract even more tourists to Egyptian cultural heritage. Egypt is already a country steeped with history and diversifying cultures and there will always be room and scope for newer innovations regarding tourism and tourist attraction. Its vast number of attractions can be improved and managed better in order to continue drawing more tourists each year. References DeLapp, K. M. (2011). Ancient Egypt as Europes Intimate Stranger.At the Interface/Probing the Boundaries,77. http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/delapppaper.pdf Ibrahim, M. A. (2011). The determinants of international tourism demand for Egypt: panel data evidence.European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences,30, 50-58. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/220159244_The_Determinants_of_International_Tourism_Demand_for_Egypt/file/8d1c84f871201514f5.pdf Ibrahim, Z. (2009). Tourism development and the environment on the Egyptian red sea coast https://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca/bitstream/handle/10012/4268/Ibrahim_Zainub.pdf?sequence=1 Jansen-Verbeke, M., McKercher, B. (2010). 15 The tourism destiny of World Heritage cultural sites.Edited by Douglas G. Pearce and Richard W. Butler, 190. http://macbride.org.uk/Goodfellow/archive/202027May.pdf#page=202

Comparison between Tony Kytes and The Seduction :: English Literature

Comparison between Tony Kytes and The Seduction =============================================== Both Tony Kytes and The Seduction deal with relationships between young men and girls. Both tell of the ways in which the men manipulate the girls, gaining what they want at the girls' expenses. They both detail the insensitive treatment of the girls and explore the attitudes towards sex, marriage and the opposite sex from both the male and female point of views. Tony Kytes is a humorous account of a young man called Tony and his encounter with three prospective young women whilst driving his cart back from the nearby market. The first is sly and worms her way into Tony's affections. However his fiance Milly appears and Tony requests Unity to hide under the tarpaulin in the back of the cart to avoid a difficult confrontation. Milly arrives and climbs aboard the cart, yet they have not travelled far before Tony spies another pretty girl, namely Hannah Jolliver. This time he persuades Milly to hide in the back of the cart and she too consents. Hannah requests a lift and openly flirts with him, making Tony wonder about who he really wants to marry. He notices his Father, who offers some good advice - that he should marry the one girl who didn't ask for a lift (Milly), Tony immediately disregards it. Meanwhile the horse has run off, tipping the cart over and revealing all three girls, forcing Tony to make a quick decision. He asks Hannah, who refuses him due to her father's presence. Unity is asked next, but she refuses him, as she was only second choice. Tony then requests Milly's hand in marriage, she accepts; they get married shortly afterwards. The Seduction is a rather different account of yet another encounter between a young man; this time only one female is involved. Set in Tyneside in 1980's it describes a meeting between a young man and a young girl at a party, and the ensuing aftermath. At the party the girl is plied with alcohol, which makes her more and more relaxed, till finally the man takes her to a favourite spot of his by the river where he takes advantage of her alcohol-fuelled state. When the girl realises she is three months pregnant she is devastated. She realises that she can no longer be the innocent girl she was and can no longer look forward to carefree summers with her friends. She recognises that she will not get to experience teenage life in the same way again and is mortified by this. Tony Kytes is set in the 1800's in a rural Wessex farming community. We know it is a farming community due to the references of " the

Change :: Expository Essays

Change Change is inevitable. Just when you become adjusted to your surroundings, something changes. Stability does not last forever. In the article Shadow Cities by Andre Aciman, the aspect of change is looked at by the viewpoint of an exile. From his first attempt to deal with change to his final acceptance, Aciman describes in an abundance of ideas, what he is feeling throughout this process. After leaving Alexandria as an exile, Aciman came to call Manhattan, or more precisely Straus Park his home. But Straus Park is not just one place. It is a multitude of different places coming together to form a rather dingy, grubby park with park. Straus Park is whatever you want it to be. It can be far off destinations such as Paris or a small place in one’s imagination. Whatever the place, it creates a bit of stability. When Aciman walked by the Park one day, he realized that it was in ruins. Assuming that the city of Manhattan was closing the park, he began to contemplate what this change meant to him. He began to realize â€Å"that even if I don’t disappear from a place, places disappear from me.† New York became his home not because it was where he wanted to be but because he led him to new places. Through Straus Park, he met a variety of people each with their own story that eventually added to Aciman story. By sitting on the park benches usually covered with bird droppings, he encountered people and dreamt of unknown places he wanted to go. After a while of contemplating, Aciman realized that he did not want to go to these places but was satisfied living the life he was living. The statue that helped him through his adaptation to America was soon replaced. However, whereas he thought he was a statue of a

The Ultimate Reality

â€Å"Matter is the ultimate reality: hills, trees, cities, and starts are not simply ideas in the mind of observing individuals†¦ â€Å"This quote assumes that an objective reality is not impacted by the observer; that there is a reality â€Å"out there† that is completely independent. It is up to us, the observer, to learn about and interpret that reality. We can therefore be mistaken about the fundamental nature of reality: as when the earth was believed to be flat. Similarly, when change occurs in nature, it always does so in accordance with the laws of nature. If human beings are surprised, they should not attribute such anomalies to supernatural forces. Rather, they should acknowledge that they need only learn more about the physical universe. Similarly, realists believe that values, as well as reality, are â€Å"permanent and objective. † The purpose of education is to ensure that each student becomes an integral part of his or her social universe. Students are not taught so that they become superior or unique individuals. The aim is to create students that are â€Å"tolerant and well-adjusted,† in harmony with their physical environments and social realities. A teacher is entrusted with the responsibility to impart the tools required for such psycho-social and mental adjustments. The student, in turn, is responsible for doing his or her part in mastering the tolls of education. Both in academic advancement and in social adaptation, the student must rise to the expectations of the teacher. The ideas the teacher imparts are time-tested and true. All human beings are rational beings, capable of critical thought and reason. Science, reading, writing, and math are the key subjects in early childhood education. In a realistic classroom, the student also learns the material within a proscribed time frame according to the historical norms of the society. Absorption refers to retaining the subject matter; the â€Å"traditional method† refers to the Socratic method of lecture-based instruction. The school serves as a sort of training ground; while not necessarily an atmosphere a student will always appreciate, the work of the school in a â€Å"necessary but unattractive task. † Especially in early childhood, such methods work in lieu of the student being unable to truly exercise the muscles of educated free will.

Analysis of Starbucks coffee company’ employees misunderstanding using organizational behaviour approach Essay

Analysis of Starbucks coffee company’ employees misunderstanding using organizational behaviour approach Introduction                   In every organization, organization behaviour is very important at all levels of employees from management to workers. Organizational behaviour deals the study of personality of individuals or characteristic of a group in an organization together with internal processes of an organization in order to determine the effectiveness of the organization or develop a solution (Hellriegel, & Slocum, 2010 p. 5). It helps people to interact, understand each other and find solution to behavioural problems, which culminate in improved working environment thus resulting to improved productivity. Therefore, it is important for management to ensure that effective employees accepted behaviour is maintained throughout the organization. It is important to understand organization behaviour so that decision making process and requirements of employees are addressed in the best ways that would not affect performance of a company (Mullins, 2013 p. 77). This paper will involve solving organization problem that faced Starbucks Coffee Company in 2005. The problem involved misunderstandings between employees and management resulting in communication problem in the company, which greatly affected its productivity in New Zealand (Mark, 2013 p. 10). The problem caused employees dissatisfaction and lack of motivation and thus giving poor services that in turn decreased production output and thus the company making losses. The misunderstanding between employees and management led to change of employees’ behaviour and so it was important to change their behaviour in order to realize the productivity of the company. Employees’ dissatisfaction and misunderstanding in an organization causes low commitment from employees thus affecting the performance of an organization (Hellriegel, & Slocum, 2010 p. 502). Although the problem could be addressed using various organizational techniques such as organizational development, organizational behaviour approach remained the best technique to find the solution of the matter so as to improve the effectiveness of the company.                   Starbucks coffee company is a multinational corporation (MNC) that was started in Seattle in 1971 (Starbucks Coffee Company, 2014 b Company Information. Starbucks Coffee Company). The company specialises in coffee and coffee products. It has its stores established across the six continents with most of the market being concentrated in America, Europe and Asia. The company has more than 15,000 stores in more than 50 countries in six continents. The company performance and productivity increased steadily over years becoming among the best coffee selling company in the world. It continued growth and development led to opening of a new store in New Zealand in 1998 (Starbucks coffee company, 2014 a Extends the Starbucks brand into grocery channels across the U.S. Launches Starbucks.com). In New Zealand, Starbucks has more than 29 stores and over 3,700 employees serving more than 60,000 customers every day operating under restaurant Brands franchise (Starbucks Coffee Company, 2014 c Starbucks Coffee Company New Zealand; Restaurant Brands, 2014 About Us-Restaurant brands). Similarly, the store in New Zealand has improved growth and development giving it advantage in the market. However, poor management in 2005 led to it making losses due to misunderstanding between employees and management. Communication barrier caused by misunderstandings were the major causes of its poor performance (Phillips, & Gully, 2012 p. 497).                   The company’s organization culture involves innovative products such as wifi coffee house and employees motivation through reward and attractive remunerations. Similarly, the company advocated for organizational culture where highly trained employees give high quality services to clients through exceptional performances that has rewards (Moncarz, Zhao, & Kay, 2009 p. 447). This culture has enabled the company to have competitive advantage and be able to command a large share of market in all its stores opened across the globe. New Zealand is one of the openings that has also had an exceptional growth and contributed to the growth of the company. However, the growth was halt in 2005 when the company suffered loss that was caused by misunderstanding between various levels of management. The misunderstanding was a result of a decision made by the management not to increase their wages to $ 12 per hour as employees had requested. The company has also been said to discriminate its employees by giving low wages as evidenced in Starbucks stores in New York (Bussing-Burks, 2009 p. 90). The decision affected the relationship between employees and management. Moreover, the performance of the employees was negatively affected and as a result the behaviour of the employees changed from the culture of exceptional performance and quality services to employees thus affecting the company’s performance.                   In every organization, employees and managements operate under a pre-established behaviour that ensures its effectiveness. A positive behaviour must be maintained or improved so as to improve the performance of the company (Luthans, & Youssef, 2007 p. 337). Therefore, the management must ensure an optimum business environment is highly maintained so as to maintain the behaviour of employees’ at the most effective and productive level. Consequently, management should try to maintain their management behaviour because their behaviour can influence that of the employees (Gelf, Erez, & Aycan, 2007 p. 494). The combination of this behaviour towards the effectiveness of an organization ensures that a positive culture is maintained and that the organization is able to maintain its productivity, growth and development. Similarly, solutions to crises are easily laid off.                   In order to address this problem, organizational behaviour models or theories were useful in encouraging the employees and management to change their behaviours and adapt their past or new behaviour that would ensure effectiveness in the company. Some theoretical approaches to this problem included systems, neo-human relations, decision-making, scientific leadership, human relations, and bureaucratic approach (Mullins, 2013 p. 43). The organizational behaviour models are important in addressing human behaviours and understandings their relations for effective implementation of changes that would ensure company’s productivity in maintained and improved.                   Neo-human relations approach entails how an organization is able to define structures of management in a way that it is able to motivate employees through satisfying their basic needs and giving attractive remunerations. The model helps in addressing employees’ dissatisfaction (Mawhinney, 2011 p. 313). In addition, the approach focuses on the needs to address to the employees’ issues such as salary increment and other needs. An organization that uses this approach is able to maintain it high predominance and growth. A solution to the problem at Starbucks coffee company required management adapt to neo-human approach by making sure that the needs of the employees could be attended. The solution could be realised if management could increase plan to increase the salary of the employees to $ 12. The increment could be promised to be done in phases so that the financial performance of the company would not be affected. Consequently, employeesâ €™ motivation could b e achieved that could results in increased productivity of the company. However, leaving the situation without a solution would result in strikes, which would further affect the reputation of the company in addition employees reduced performance. Organization that does not understand the behaviour of the employees fails to meet the needs of employees and this may cause passive participation and resistance in place of work (Bloisi, Cook, & Hunsaker, 2007  p. 113). Strikes coupled to employees’ underperformance could greatly affect the company and can cause its collapse if an immediate action could be delayed. From this approach, the responsibilities of leaders are to make sure that the goals of workers are achieved so that they can facilitate the achievement of the company’s goals (Bratton, 2010 p. 200).                   Decision making model would also be an important approach to address the problem with Starbucks coffee company. In decision making model, a decision that is arrived at is not a necessarily an optimal solution but a solution that benefits all the parties and enhance the performance of the company (Klein, 2008 p. 457). The decision making model optimise the change of behaviour that is goal oriented. The manner in which a decision is made is important in a company (Griffin, & Moorhead, 2013 p. 215). An organization that is able to make ethical decisions have high likely hood of succeeding and achieving high growth. Poor decision making results in poor management and misunderstanding between the management and employees and end up affecting the performance of the company negatively (Stein, 2010 p. 87). This is what was experienced in Starbucks Company in year 2005. The decision to decline to raise the payments of employees without a major reason or a proper communication caused the management to find themselves in a crisis of management and performance of the company. The problem can be addressed through ethical decision making process where all the stakeholders are involved in decision making (Punnett, 2009 p. 31). In ethical decision making, the views of the employees could have been addressed and that of the company ending up in a compromising situation where both parties issues are met in agreement.                   The figure 1 above showing a decision making problem that helps an organization to limit unethical decisions that could affect the performance of the company. The decision to decline wage increment was supposed to follow all the steps while involving stakeholders and thus the decision would not have affected the employees’ behaviour.                   The problem in Starbucks could also be addressed using scientific leadership model. In this model, the efficiency in work place can be monitored and adjusted accordingly using various leadership skills such as charisma (Nelson, & Quick, 2012 p. 443). The model is useful in understanding the objective and goals of the company so that every issue or problem is addressed in accordance to the goal of the company (Borkowski, 2011 p. 201). In this model, managers are the overall supervisors of the company and that they should make sure that the company does not lose for their mismanagement. For this reason, managers assign job to employees and monitor so that they are able to give an output of a quality work. Therefore, the management was responsible to manage the work of employees throughout so that they would have made sure that every employee was productive and thus preventing underperformances during the crisis period (Punnett, 2009). The approach makes su re that the goal of the company is always on the focus and so its growth is not compromised irrespective of the problem. Starbucks management had failed to utilize this approach and they left the company to be controlled by employees changed behaviour thus low performance. The model is important to every company that is facing employees’ performance crisis so that they performance of the company remain on focus.                   The figure 2 above shows the model for scientific leadership models. The decision that is made is focused on the outcome as shown in the figure above. All the other factors should be considered ensuring that goal of the company is not compromised.                   Human relations or organization behavioural theory is another model that is best for addressing the problem at Starbucks. It bias important for an organization to understand the behaviour of employees other than economic value such as wages (Netting, & O’Connor, 2013 human relations). How workers relate with each other in place of work determines their performance in places of work and known as â€Å"Hawthorne Effect† (Dalton, Hoyle, & Watts, 2011 P. 13). The model was found to be operational in both informal and formal organization. A good relation between employees and management allows smooth decision making resulting in quick and better solution. In addition, good interpersonal relation in an organization helps to improve the performance of employees and workers (Reece, 2014 p. 5). This model would have allowed the management to make appropriate decision on the workers pay and prevent misunderstanding thus maintaining the performance of the company.                   System model would also be important in addressing misunderstanding problem that led to poor performance of Starbucks coffee company. In this approach the company is able to measure the output in respect to internal operations. The management is able to monitor all the production processes and be able to evaluate the performance of the company on the basis of employees’ productivity (Mbanote, 2011 Models of organizational behaviour). Therefore, the management would have been able to realise that there was a problem before hand and employ various management skills before a problem could erupt. When productivity of employees decline, the management finds the immediate cause and addresses the problem giving an immediate and effective decision (Noble, 2014 p. 15). The problem of employees payment would have been addressed before the company could make losses through low productivity. Consequently, the employees would not have reached to the extent of dissatisfaction and reduced performance. Thereby, the performance of the company would not have been affected.                   Contingency model is another important organizational behaviour theory that was useful for Starbucks coffee company. In contingency model, a situation forces adaptation of the best leadership skills (Tushman, & Romanelli, 2008 p. 174). In other words, it is situational leadership skills that leader are capable of developing in order to adjust their leadership and relationship behaviour to address the situation at hand. The model was developed by a management theorist named Fred Fiedler in 1967 (Singh, 2010 p. 275). In Starbucks coffee company, the effectiveness of leaders in the prevailing situation was important in addressing employees’ dissatisfaction in their decision. The contingency models require leaders to adjust with the situation so that the performance of an organization is not affected. However, the management in Starbucks New Zealand Company compromised on the prevailing situation resulting in decreased performance of employees and pro ductivity of the company. The case required an immediate decision that would have maintained the motivation of employees and job satisfaction. An immediate meeting with employees’ union leaders and addressing the issue would have kept the hope of employees a live and they would have continued performing at their level best thus the growth and productivity of the company would have been maintained. Moreover, reverse of the decision and initiation of a new process to make an alternative decision that would involve all the employees’ representatives and other stakeholders would have calmed the situation. This would have prevented employees from changing their behaviour and focus on the goal of the company to improve its productivity. Contingency model of leadership is one of organizational behaviour that has been adapted by many corporations that have found themselves in crisis and needs to save the company (Zaccaro, 2007 P. 6).                   Bureaucracy model is one of the management models that is highly used in Starbucks coffee company. The level of management is divided in levels of management and this make it difficult for employees to interact with the top management directly. The high level of bureaucracy serves as an obstacle of employees to air their grievances and thus any decision or problem must be addressed through a hierarchical process making it to take a lot of time (Greenberg, 2013 bureaucratic model-ideal types). In the case that happened to Starbucks would have been solved in good time and minimized the effect that was caused by the situation. However, the decision had to follow a protocol that took a lot of time and some of the decisions were being objected at different levels. Therefore, employees got impatient and they started reiterating through low performance and low productivity that affected greatly the performance of the company. Bureaucratic model of organization management requires solution to situations that are not urgent and that may not affect the productivity and effectiveness of the company (Boin, & Hart, 2007 p. 43). An urgent situation requires quick decision making and action before an organization is affected negatively. Therefore, urgent solution was required in Starbuck and so bureaucratic model was not appropriate. Conclusion                   Organization behaviour is the study how individual and groups of people interact with the internal processes of an organization with respect to effectiveness of a company. Starbucks coffee company experienced a change in behaviour of employees in New Zealand after a misunderstanding on the increment of wages to $ 12 a day. The employees’ change of behaviour affected the effectiveness of the company resulting to poor economic performance. Therefore, it was necessary for the company to apply various organization behaviour models or theories in order to understand and address the change in behaviour so that the effectiveness of the company in providing services and products could be resumed. Some of the models included neo-human relations, which entailed an approach that ensured that management could be able to motivate employees through satisfying their basic needs and giving attractive remunerations that would result in change of behaviour and thus affectivity in the company. In addition, other models that were important in addressing the problem at Starbuck were human relations, contingency leadership model, system model, scientific leadership model, decision making model, and bureaucratic models. The models are important in shaping the management and employees behaviour towards effective performance of the organization. These models of organization behaviour did not come into play before the crisis and immediately after the crisis thus affecting the performance or the organization negatively. References Bloisi, W., Cook, C. W., & Hunsaker, P. L. 2007.  Management and organisational behaviour. London [u.a.: McGraw-Hill Education. Boin, A., & Hart, P. T. 2007. The crisis approach. In Handbook of disaster research (pp. 42-54). Springer New York. Borkowski, N. 2011.  Organizational behavior in health care. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Bratton, J. 2010.  Work and organizational behaviour. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 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